How to use this material
Exam Tags & Source: Syllabus mapping for UPSC / TNPSC / SSC-RRB + clickable source link
Why in News: The news in 2–3 lines – read this first
▸ Sub-headings: Simple explanation + all facts, figures, names and years
GS Facts: Static GK linked to the news (blue box)
⚠ Exam Trap: Common confusions examiners use in options (orange box)
✎ Top 5 Quiz: Day’s 5 most important MCQs at the end, with answer key
✍ Mains Angle: Probable Mains question with value points (purple box)
★ Important One-liners: Short news under each theme + Rapid Revision table. Highlighted = must-remember
Here are the daily current affairs 25 & 26 October 2026 in English – the 139th Mann Ki Baat highlights, PM inaugurating RBI’s Tier IV data centre in Bhubaneswar, Ladakh becoming India’s first fully organic UT, ISRO’s four launch pads by 2029 and the Kulasekarapattinam SSLV spaceport, India as the 3rd-largest defence exporter to Europe, ITBP’s 65th Raising Day, Swavlamban 2026, the AATAL air-pollution lab, World Polio Day, Lula’s win in Brazil, the SAMHiTA manuscript project, Nihal Sarin and Koneru Humpy’s golds and Messi’s Princess of Asturias Award. Each topic of the current affairs 25 October 2026 and 26 October 2026 comes with GS Facts, Exam Traps, a Rapid Revision table and a Top 5 quiz for UPSC, TNPSC, SSC, RRB and Bank exams.
NATIONAL
Mann Ki Baat 139th Episode: Key Takeaways
Why in News: In the 139th episode of ‘Mann Ki Baat’ (25 October 2026), PM Narendra Modi noted that the programme completed 12 years – it began on Vijayadashami in 2014 – and highlighted grassroots efforts in organic farming, river revival, local products, health-tech, brain research and millets, and paid tribute to great Indians.
Farming, Water and Local Products
- ‘Nav-Trinjan’ (Punjab): Kheti Virasat Mission promotes organic, naturally coloured cotton in the Malwa region – no chemical dyes needed; a weaving school has trained many women weavers.
- Heval river (Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand): Revived by villagers and administration through rainwater capture, groundwater recharge and tree planting.
- Vocal for Local exports: Makhana from Purnia (Bihar) to Greece; arhar dal from Kalaburagi (Karnataka) to the Maldives.
- ‘Shabari Naturals’ (Maharashtra): Tribal products (honey, mahua, chironji, bamboo) with tribal-art packaging won Japan’s Good Design Award.
- Khadi: Sales of Khadi Gram Udyog products crossed ₹28 crore in a single day on Gandhi Jayanti (₹1.5 crore more than last year).
Health and Science
- e-Sanjeevani: About 50 crore tele-consultations so far; examples from Baratang (A&N), Kalpeni (Lakshadweep), Zanskar (Ladakh), Peren (Nagaland).
- Nearly 1.9 lakh Ayushman Arogya Mandirs are becoming wellness centres in villages.
- Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre, IIT Madras: Creating high-resolution 3D digital images of 100 human brains – a world-first mission using the ‘Param Shakti’ supercomputer; data to be open-source.
- Organ donation: Family of Shivani (Narmadapuram, MP) donated her organs after a road accident.
- Narinder Singh Kapany: 100th birth anniversary on 31 October 2026 – the ‘Father of Fibre Optics’, born in Moga, Punjab.
Millets in the North-East
- Khanduli (West Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya): Two women made millet cookies, cakes, baby food – reviving demand and cultivation.
- Sadolpara (West Garo Hills, Meghalaya): Farmer Chekjing Sangma grows millets with modern methods.
- Kezoma (Kohima, Nagaland): Millet farming resumed in 2024; first millet festival in 2025.
Days and Personalities
- 31 October – Ekta Diwas (Sardar Patel’s birth anniversary): ‘Run for Unity’ across the country.
- 26 October – Maharishi Valmiki Jayanti; Ayodhya airport is named Maharishi Valmiki International Airport.
- Bhai Parmanand – 150th birth anniversary (4 November): Arya Samaj worker (visited South Africa, met Gandhiji; worked among Girmitiyas in Guyana); a founding member of the Ghadar Party; persuaded Lala Har Dayal to go to the US; sentenced to ‘Kala Pani’ (Andamans); wrote ‘Aapbeeti: Kaale Paani Ki Kaaraavaas Kahaani’; later taught Bhagat Singh; associated with the Hindu Mahasabha.
GS Facts: Linked Facts
- Mann Ki Baat – first broadcast on 3 October 2014 on All India Radio
- International Year of Millets – 2023 (proposed by India; millets called ‘Shree Anna’)
- Ghadar Party – founded in 1913 in San Francisco (Lala Har Dayal, Sohan Singh Bhakna)
- Cellular Jail, Port Blair – completed in 1906.
⚠ Exam Trap:
- Narinder Singh Kapany is the ‘Father of Fibre Optics‘ (not of the Internet).
- Ekta Diwas is on 31 October (Patel), not 2 October.
ECONOMY
PM Inaugurates RBI’s New Data Centre and Cybersecurity Training Institute in Bhubaneswar
Why in News: Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Reserve Bank of India’s newly built Data Centre and Cybersecurity Training Institute in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.
Key Highlights
- Investment: ₹169 crore.
- Certification: Tier IV from the Uptime Institute – the highest rating for data-centre uptime and resilience.
- Critical systems: Will host RBI’s mission-critical payment systems, including RTGS and NEFT.
- RBI’s second such data centre – the first is at Navi Mumbai; a second site improves disaster recovery and business continuity.
- Training Institute: Research and training in AI, quantum computing and advanced banking technology.
- PM: The event shows the changed approach to governance – development, scale and last-mile delivery.
Understanding the Terms
- Tier IV data centre: Fault-tolerant – every component has backup, so maintenance or a failure does not stop services (about 99.995% uptime).
- RTGS (Real Time Gross Settlement): Large-value transfers, settled one by one, instantly; minimum ₹2 lakh; 24×7 since December 2020.
- NEFT (National Electronic Funds Transfer): Settled in half-hourly batches; no minimum; 24×7 since December 2019.
GS Facts: RBI
- Set up on 1 April 1935 (on the recommendation of the Hilton Young Commission); nationalised in 1949
- HQ: Mumbai
- ReBIT (Reserve Bank Information Technology Pvt Ltd) – RBI’s IT and cybersecurity subsidiary (2016)
- RBI Governor: Sanjay Malhotra.
⚠ Exam Trap:
- RTGS and NEFT are owned and operated by the RBI, while UPI and IMPS are run by NPCI.
- The new Bhubaneswar centre is RBI’s second data centre (first: Navi Mumbai).
- Tier IV is the highest tier.
AGRICULTURE
Ladakh Becomes India’s First Fully Organic Union Territory
Why in News: Ladakh has become India’s first fully organic Union Territory, Lieutenant Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena announced on 25 October 2026, crediting farmers for eliminating chemical fertilisers to protect its fragile Himalayan ecosystem.
Key Steps
- June 2026: The administration banned the sale and use of chemical fertilisers.
- 207 revenue villages were already under organic certification.
- Mission Organic Development Initiative (MODI): Launched in 2020; ₹500 crore; aims to make all 666 villages certified organic hubs – support for bio-fertilisers, seeds, protected cultivation and marketing.
Agriculture in Ladakh
- High-altitude cold desert with a short growing season.
- Crops: Barley, wheat, peas, buckwheat, foxtail millet, mustard; vegetables like cabbage, cauliflower, tomato, potato, turnip.
- Challenge: Farmers want better prices – certification is useful only with market access.
Benefits
- Protects soil and water health; adds value to local produce; model for sustainable high-altitude farming.
GS Facts: Organic Farming in India
- Sikkim – first fully organic State (declared 2016)
- Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) – 2015; promotes cluster-based organic farming
- National Mission on Natural Farming – approved November 2024
- Certification: NPOP (third-party, APEDA) and PGS-India (participatory).
⚠ Exam Trap:
- Sikkim is the first fully organic State (2016); Ladakh is the first fully organic Union Territory (2026).
- Ladakh’s mission is the Mission Organic Development Initiative (MODI) – ₹500 crore, 666 villages.
SCHEMES
★ Important One-liners
- SHILP SAMAGAM MELA 2026 IN GUWAHATI: The eight-day Shilp Samagam Mela 2026 began on 21 October at Farm Gate, Khanapara, Guwahati (Assam); ends 28 October
- Organised by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
- 75 artisans (incl. 31 women) showcase about 40 varieties of handloom and handicraft products
- Key focus: BHARAT-TULIP (Traditional Artisans’ Upliftment Livelihood Programme) – helps artisans from target groups (SCs, OBCs, safai karamcharis) sell through physical outlets and e-commerce; launched in November 2024
- Follows the first 2026-27 mela at Mysuru (ended 19 October).
- Source: DD India ↗
SCIENCE & TECH
★ Important One-liners
- ‘HACK THE FORK’ – INDIA’S FIRST AI × FOOD TECH HACKATHON: NIFTEM-Kundli (Haryana) hosted Hack the Fork, India’s first AI × alternative-protein hackathon, on 24–25 October 2026 (24 hours)
- Teams used AI for real-world problems in the alternative protein industry (plant-based, fermentation-based and cultivated proteins)
- Inaugurated by Alice Pjie, Director, Hack the Fork (a Paris-born hackathon now held across several countries)
- NIFTEM-K is an Institution of National Importance under the Ministry of Food Processing Industries.
SPACE
ISRO to Have Four Launch Pads by 2029; Kulasekarapattinam Spaceport for SSLV
Why in News: ISRO Chairman V. Narayanan said India will have four functional launch pads by 2029, including a 2,000-acre Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) complex at Kulasekarapattinam, Thoothukudi district (Tamil Nadu).
Key Points
- Kulasekarapattinam spaceport: Integration buildings, launch pads, rail-track systems, telemetry, tracking and command systems – to meet global demand for small satellite launches.
- ISRO will not be privatised; it will hand-hold startups and private firms, transfer technology and create high-tech jobs.
- Gaganyaan: First uncrewed test within the next two months, followed by two more uncrewed tests before the crewed mission; about 8,000 ground experiments done; four astronaut-designates in training.
- Chandrayaan-5: A joint lunar mission with Japan’s JAXA, with a 350-kg rover for 100 days of experiments.
Why Kulasekarapattinam?
- Close to the equator and on the east coast – rockets can fly directly south for polar orbits without the fuel-wasting ‘dogleg’ manoeuvre needed at Sriharikota (to avoid flying over Sri Lanka).
- Foundation stone laid by the PM in February 2024.
India’s Launch Pads
- Sriharikota (SDSC-SHAR, Andhra Pradesh): First Launch Pad and Second Launch Pad; a Third Launch Pad approved for the Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV).
- Kulasekarapattinam (Tamil Nadu): Dedicated to SSLV.
GS Facts: Indian Space Programme
- SSLV – Small Satellite Launch Vehicle; carries up to 500 kg to low Earth orbit
- Gaganyaan – India’s first human spaceflight mission
- IN-SPACe (2020) – promotes private space activity; NSIL – ISRO’s commercial arm
- ISRO Chairman: Dr. V. Narayanan.
⚠ Exam Trap:
- The new spaceport is at Kulasekarapattinam, Thoothukudi (TN) – for SSLV, not for Gaganyaan or LVM3.
- Chandrayaan-5 is with Japan (JAXA).
- ISRO is not being privatised.
DEFENCE
India Becomes Third-Largest Exporter of Defence Goods to Europe
Why in News: Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh said India has become the third-largest exporter of arms to Europe, driven by demand under the ‘ReArm Europe’ initiative, with India’s defence exports at an all-time high of ₹38,424 crore (about €3.6 billion).
Key Points
- What is exported to Europe: Standard ammunition, artillery shells, large- and small-calibre ammunition; also helmets, bulletproof jackets and small arms.
- Reach: India exports defence goods to more than 80 countries; talks on with buyers in Southeast Asia (small arms, artillery gun systems).
- Industrial base: 16 large public sector companies, about 840 large and medium private firms and about 17,000 small enterprises and startups; domestic sales about €17 billion.
- Self-reliance: About 75% of the yearly defence capital budget ($20–25 billion) is spent within India, with priority to IDDM products.
- Imports diversified: Russia remains the largest source, but dependence has fallen; France (~15%) and Israel (~15%) next.
- Strategy: Joint ventures in Europe to access European programmes, and European JVs in India; recent visits to Greece and Cyprus.
Key Terms
- ReArm Europe: The EU’s 2025 plan to sharply raise defence spending and production after the Russia–Ukraine war.
- IDDM: Indigenously Designed, Developed and Manufactured – top-priority procurement category under DAP 2020.
GS Facts: Defence Exports
- India’s defence exports were ₹23,622 crore in 2024-25
- Target: ₹50,000 crore defence exports by 2029
- Major exports: BrahMos (Philippines), Akash, artillery, ammunition, Dornier aircraft
- SIPRI (Stockholm) tracks global arms trade.
⚠ Exam Trap:
- India is the 3rd-largest exporter of arms to Europe (per Bloomberg) – not the world’s 3rd-largest exporter overall.
- ₹38,424 crore is India’s total defence exports (all countries).
- Russia is still India’s largest supplier.
★ Important One-liners
- 65th ITBP RAISING DAY: The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) – the ‘Himveers’ – marked its 65th Raising Day on 24 October 2026
- Raised on 24 October 1962, during the Sino-Indian War
- Guards the 3,488-km India–China border from the Karakoram Pass (Ladakh) to Jachep La (Arunachal Pradesh)
- Border posts at 9,000–18,800 ft; winter temperatures down to –45°C
- Motto: ‘Shaurya, Dridhta, Karmanishtha’ (Valour, Steadfastness, Dedication)
- A Central Armed Police Force (CAPF) under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
- SWAVLAMBAN 2026 – NAVY’S INNOVATION SEMINAR: The fifth edition of the Indian Navy’s flagship Naval Innovation and Indigenisation Seminar is being held at the Manekshaw Centre, New Delhi on 26–27 October 2026
- Theme: “Strength & Power through Innovation and Indigenisation”
- Brings together the Armed Forces, industry, startups, MSMEs, academia and investors
- Started in 2022; organised under the Naval Innovation and Indigenisation Organisation (NIIO).
- Source: DD India ↗
ENVIRONMENT
★ Important One-liners
- AATAL – NEW AIR POLLUTION ANALYSIS LAB FOR DELHI-NCR: Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh inaugurated the Integrated Atmospheric Chemistry and Aerosol Toxicity Analysis Laboratory (AATAL) at IITM’s Delhi branch – described as a first-of-its-kind integrated facility
- Goes beyond pollution levels to find the composition of pollutants, their sources, relative contributions and health effects, with real-time information and forecasts
- Can separate sources like vehicles, industry, biomass/crop-residue burning, construction and road dust, and pollution from neighbouring regions
- Set up under Mission Mausam
- IITM: Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune (under Ministry of Earth Sciences).
HEALTH
★ Important One-liners
- WORLD POLIO DAY – 24 OCTOBER: Observed to raise awareness for eradicating polio; established by Rotary International to honour Dr. Jonas Salk, who developed the first successful inactivated polio vaccine (1955)
- 2026 theme: ‘One Day. One Focus: Ending Polio’
- Polio cases have fallen by over 99% since the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) began in 1988
- India: Pulse Polio (1995); last wild polio case in January 2011 (Howrah); certified polio-free by WHO in March 2014
- Polio is still endemic in Pakistan and Afghanistan.
INTERNATIONAL
★ Important One-liners
- LULA WINS BRAZIL’S PRESIDENTIAL RUNOFF: Incumbent President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (left-wing) defeated right-wing Senator Flávio Bolsonaro in Brazil’s presidential runoff
- Lula got about 51% of the vote (51.49 million votes); Bolsonaro 48.68% (48.8 million) – a margin of just over 2.6 million
- The only politician in modern Brazilian history to win the second round after trailing in the first
- Brazil: capital Brasília; a founding member of BRICS; hosted COP30 (Belém, 2025).
- TYPHOON CHAMPI HITS TAIWAN: Typhoon Champi swept past Taiwan, killing 1 and injuring over 500, after glancing the north-eastern coast in Yilan County
- Once a super typhoon – among the strongest storms in the Pacific this year – it weakened and moved north towards the Chinese coast
- Typhoon = tropical cyclone in the Northwest Pacific; hurricane in the Atlantic/NE Pacific; cyclone in the Indian Ocean.
ART & CULTURE
★ Important One-liners
- SAMHiTA PROJECT LAUNCHED IN SRI LANKA: The SAMHiTA (South Asian Manuscript Histories and Textual Archive) Project was launched at Gangaramaya Temple, Colombo to digitise ancient manuscripts
- Undertaken by the India International Centre (IIC), New Delhi, with Government of India grants
- Gangaramaya Temple is the first Sri Lankan institution to partner; 100 ancient manuscripts being digitised (MoU signed in July; to finish by end-November)
- Reflects shared Buddhist and civilisational links between India and Sri Lanka.
- WILDFIRES THREATEN WORLD’S OLDEST CAVE PAINTINGS (INDONESIA): Heat and smoke from Indonesia’s worst wildfires since 2015 (driven by a severe El Niño) threaten prehistoric cave art in Sulawesi
- A hand stencil on Muna island is dated to at least 67,800 years – the world’s oldest known cave art
- A scene of human-like figures with a pig in Maros-Pangkep (South Sulawesi) is at least 51,200 years old (dated by Griffith University, Australia)
- India’s oldest rock art: Bhimbetka (MP) – a UNESCO World Heritage Site (2003).
- Source: The Hindu ↗
TAMILNADU
★ Important One-liners
- CHEF DAMU (K. DAMODARAN) PASSES AWAY: Renowned chef K. Damodaran (‘Chef Damu’) died in Chennai on 25 October 2026, aged 72; CM C. Joseph Vijay condoled his death
- Born in September 1954 in West Mambalam, Chennai; began at TTDC (1977) after IHM Taramani
- First Indian chef to receive a doctorate in hotel management and catering technology
- Guinness World Record (December 2010): Longest Cooking Marathon (Individual) – 617 dishes (190 kg) in 24 hours 30 minutes
- Judge of ‘Cooku With Comali’; champion of Chettinad cuisine; Padma Shri (2025).
APPOINTMENTS
★ Important One-liners
- DEFENCE SECRETARY RAJESH KUMAR SINGH GETS ONE-YEAR EXTENSION: The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) extended his tenure till 31 October 2027 (earlier ending 31 October 2026)
- Granted in relaxation of FR 65(d) and Rule 16(1A) of the All India Services (DCRB) Rules, 1958
- He is a 1989-batch IAS officer (Kerala cadre); became Defence Secretary on 1 November 2024, succeeding Giridhar Aramane
- The ACC is headed by the Prime Minister.
AWARDS
★ Important One-liners
- MESSI RECEIVES PRINCESS OF ASTURIAS AWARD FOR SPORTS: Lionel Messi received the 2026 Princess of Asturias Award for Sports from Princess Leonor at the Campoamor Theatre, Oviedo (Spain), with King Felipe VI and Queen Letizia present
- The first footballer to win it individually
- Honours his career and charity work for children’s education and health
- The awards are given by the Princess of Asturias Foundation, Spain, across eight categories.
SPORTS
Nihal Sarin and Koneru Humpy Win Individual Golds at European Chess Club Cup 2026
Why in News: Indian Grandmasters shone at the European Chess Club Cup 2026 in Montenegro – Nihal Sarin and Koneru Humpy won individual gold medals in the open and women’s competitions.
Open Section
- Nihal Sarin – Gold, Board 2, for Novy Bor Chess Club: 5/6 (4 wins, 2 draws), beating Jorden van Foreest, Karthikeyan Murali and Maxim Rodshtein.
- Pentala Harikrishna – Silver, Board 3 (Novy Bor), 5/6.
- Karthikeyan Murali – Bronze, Board 2, for Montenegrin club Electroprivreda, 4.5/6.
- Arjun Erigaisi – 4th on Board 1.
- Team: Novy Bor finished 2nd, behind Bayegan Pendik Sports Club.
Women’s Section
- Koneru Humpy – Gold, Board 2 (4.5/6) – helped Cercle d’Echecs de Monte-Carlo win the team title.
Also in News – Bodhana Sivanandan
- 11-year-old English chess player of Indian origin, Bodhana Sivanandan (Harrow, London), became the youngest female International Master (IM), breaking Judit Polgar’s 38-year-old record, at the European Women’s Chess Club Cup 2026 (5.5/7 on Board 1).
GS Facts: Chess
- FIDE – founded in 1924 (Paris); HQ Lausanne, Switzerland
- India’s first Grandmaster: Viswanathan Anand (1988)
- Koneru Humpy – among India’s top women players; World Rapid Champion (2019, 2024)
- Titles in order: CM → FM → IM → GM.
⚠ Exam Trap:
- Bodhana Sivanandan became the youngest female International Master (IM) – not Grandmaster.
- Nihal Sarin won gold for Novy Bor (Czech club); Humpy won for Monte-Carlo.
- Judit Polgar’s record was 38 years old.
OBITUARIES
★ Important One-liners
- JOGEN CHOWDHURY (1939–2026): Renowned Indian artist and former Rajya Sabha MP (2014–2020) died at 87; West Bengal CM Suvendu Adhikari and former CM Mamata Banerjee paid tribute
- Born in Faridpur (now in Bangladesh); known for his dense cross-hatched lines and figurative works; long associated with Kala Bhavana, Santiniketan
- Brought international recognition to Bengal’s modern art.
- RYU MURAKAMI (1952–2026): Japanese novelist and filmmaker died at 74 (on 17 October; announced by publisher Gentosha)
- Born in Sasebo, Nagasaki
- Debut novel ‘Almost Transparent Blue’ (1976) won the Gunzo Prize and the Akutagawa Prize
- Other works: ‘Coin Locker Babies’ (1980), ‘In the Miso Soup’, ‘Audition’ (1997), ‘Piercing’
- Not to be confused with Haruki Murakami.
- Source: The Guardian
RAPID REVISION
| Topic | Key Fact to Remember |
|---|---|
| Mann Ki Baat | 139th episode; 12 years (began Vijayadashami, 2014) |
| Narinder Singh Kapany | Father of Fibre Optics; 100th birth anniversary – 31 Oct 2026 |
| Bhai Parmanand | 150th birth anniversary – 4 Nov; Ghadar Party founder member |
| e-Sanjeevani | ~50 crore tele-consultations |
| RBI Data Centre | Bhubaneswar; ₹169 cr; Tier IV; RTGS & NEFT |
| Ladakh | First fully organic UT; MODI (2020), 666 villages |
| Kulasekarapattinam | SSLV spaceport, Thoothukudi (TN); 4 launch pads by 2029 |
| Chandrayaan-5 | With JAXA; 350-kg rover |
| Defence exports | ₹38,424 cr; India 3rd largest arms exporter to Europe |
| ITBP | 65th Raising Day; raised 24 Oct 1962; 3,488 km India–China border |
| Swavlamban 2026 | 5th edition; Navy; 26–27 Oct |
| AATAL | Air pollution source lab, Delhi-NCR; Mission Mausam |
| World Polio Day | 24 October; India polio-free since 2014 |
| Brazil | Lula re-elected (~51%) vs Flávio Bolsonaro |
| SAMHiTA | Manuscript digitisation; Gangaramaya Temple, Colombo |
| Oldest cave art | 67,800 years – Muna island, Sulawesi |
| European Chess Club Cup | Nihal Sarin & Koneru Humpy – individual golds |
| Bodhana Sivanandan | Youngest female IM (11) |
| Princess of Asturias (Sports) | Lionel Messi |
| Obituaries | Chef Damu, Jogen Chowdhury, Ryu Murakami |
TOP 5 QUIZ OF THE DAY
✎ Test yourself – 5 most important MCQs from the daily current affairs 25 & 26 October 2026
Q1. Consider the following pairs (Personality – Associated with):
1. Narinder Singh Kapany – Fibre optics
2. Bhai Parmanand – Ghadar Party
3. Lala Har Dayal – Swaraj Party
How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Q2. Consider the following statements:
1. The RTGS and NEFT payment systems are operated by the Reserve Bank of India.
2. A Tier IV data centre is the lowest category in terms of uptime and resilience.
3. RBI’s new data centre in Bhubaneswar is its first data centre in the country.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 2 and 3 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 1 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q3. Consider the following statements:
1. Ladakh has become India’s first fully organic Union Territory.
2. Sikkim was declared India’s first fully organic State.
3. Ladakh’s Mission Organic Development Initiative was launched in 2024.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 1 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q4. With reference to the Kulasekarapattinam spaceport, consider the following statements:
1. It is located in Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu.
2. It is being developed mainly for the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV).
3. Rockets launched from here must perform a ‘dogleg’ manoeuvre to avoid Sri Lanka.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1, 2 and 3
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1 and 2 only
Q5. Consider the following statements regarding India’s defence sector:
1. India’s defence exports have reached an all-time high of about ₹38,424 crore.
2. France has overtaken Russia as India’s largest source of defence imports.
3. IDDM is the highest-priority category for capital procurement under DAP 2020.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 3 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
ANSWER KEY & EXPLANATIONS
Q1 – (b): Lala Har Dayal was a founder of the Ghadar Party (1913); the Swaraj Party (1923) was founded by C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru.
Q2 – (c): Tier IV is the highest rating, and the Bhubaneswar facility is RBI’s second data centre (after Navi Mumbai).
Q3 – (a): Ladakh’s Mission Organic Development Initiative (MODI) was launched in 2020.
Q4 – (d): Its location allows rockets to fly directly south for polar orbits without a dogleg manoeuvre.
Q5 – (b): Russia remains India’s largest supplier; France and Israel follow with about 15% each.
— Keep Reading, Keep Revising —
That completes the daily current affairs 25 & 26 October 2026.
Previous edition: Daily Current Affairs 24 October 2026
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